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CONTENTS APPENDIX 1. Obituary of Dr. Neville Thomas Yeomans Psychiatrist 1928 - 2000 APPENDIX 4 The Roles of Fraser House Nurses – A Paper by Patients (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 4, 17-20) APPENDIX 5 - Fraser House Big Groups – A Paper by Patients (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 4, 50-54) APPENDIX 6 - The Roles of the Fraser House Patient/Outpatient Committees APPENDIX 7 - A list of the Questions That Were Asked in Neville’s Values Research. APPENDIX 12. A Comparison of Goffman’s ‘Total Institutions and Fraser House. 505 APPENDIX 14. A List of Advisory Bodies and Positions Held by Neville APPENDIX 15. Participants in the Watson’s Bay Festival (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 3) APPENDIX 16. The Range of Events and Activities Teed up as Part of the Centennial Park Festival. APPENDIX 17. Terms Listed in the Natural Business Concepts Lexicon APPENDIX 18. Globalocal Realplay - Healing Nightmares APPENDIX 20. Governments and the Facilitating of Grassroots Wellbeing Action APPENDIX 21. Nexus Groups’ Constitution APPENDIX 22. Excerpts From an Aboriginal Woman’s Diary APPENDIX 23. A List of Some of the Activities Used in Cultural Healing Action APPENDIX 24. A Summary of Ken Yeomans’ 1992 Petford Keyline Survey APPENDIX 25. Some of Neville’s Actions Leading to the UN Funded Gathering APPENDIX 26. One Fortnight’s Laceweb Action in the Atherton Tablelands APPENDIX 27. The Rapid Creek Project APPENDIX 28. Extegrity - Guidelines for Joint Partner Proposal Application APPENDIX 29. Inter-people Healing Treaty Between Non-Government Organizations and Unique Peoples APPENDIX 30. The Young Persons Healing Learning Code APPENDIX 32. A list of Laceweb Aspects as a ‘New Social Movement’ APPENDIX 33. Possible Ways Laceweb Differs From Latin American New Social Movements APPENDIX 34. Cape York Communities Aboriginal Youth Living Well Project 563 APPENDIX 1. Obituary of Dr. Neville Thomas Yeomans Psychiatrist 1928 - 2000 Neville Yeoman's affection for and
empathy with the original inhabitants of Australia began very early in his
life when, at the age of 3, he was saved by an Aborigine after he had
wandered off and become lost in the bush in far north Queensland. This rescue
from certain death, laid the foundations for his later work with indigenous
communities as a carer, with an intense interest in the peoples and their
cultures. He was a co-healer rather than a prescriber and believed in
approaching the problems of mental health, alcoholism and drug addiction from
a community perspective. He devoted much of his life to providing counselling
and treatment to those most underprivileged and handicapped especially women,
alcoholics and drug addicts. After 1975, he extended these activities to
northern Australia, from the Atherton Tablelands to the Kimberleys, from
Arnhem Land to Central Australia. In a sense it was a repetition of his
childhood years when his family travelled like "gypsies" throughout
the northern parts of Australia with his prospecting father. Neville Yeomans was born in Sydney on 7
October 1928 to Percival Alfred ("P.A.") and Rita Yeomans. It was
the depression and life was hard. His
father, "P.A." Yeomans, a mining engineer (who later became famous
for his contributions to agriculture including Keyline Farming, City Forest,
Shakaerator plough and other agricultural developments) took the family
around northern Australia trying their luck at prospecting. These were
important years for Neville Yeomans when many aspects of his character were
molded. The vagabond existence of the family
meant that they were never in the one place for long. Experiences such as
attending 13 schools in one 12 month period, taught him that friendships were
ephemeral and superficial. He completed his schooling at Scotts College
in Sydney and then went to Sydney University from where he graduated as a
Bachelor of Science (Biology) in 1948. He wanted to work with and heal people
and he went on to obtain his Bachelor's degree in Medicine and Surgery in
1956. But it was people's minds that fascinated him most and he completed a
Diploma in Psychological Medicine in 1959. In the same year he won an
overseas scholarship that enabled him to meet with some of the World's
leading psychiatrists. Neville Yeomans was a brilliant and sensitive man who
understood things in their context, and he had an ability to see things from
different perspectives to those commonly held. He was appalled by the methods used at
the time to treat psychiatric disease (especially shock treatment which he regarded
as a crime) and on his return from overseas he established and became the
Director of Fraser House at North Ryde Psychiatric Clinic, Australia's first
family Therapeutic Community with accommodation for some 86 adults and
children. It was a revolutionary contextual approach that treated psychiatric
disease on a family and community basis instead of treatment of just the
individual. Patients were able to be rehabilitated and return to society
rather than being locked away out of sight and restrained with drugs and
straight-jackets. Many of his peers did not understand this radical approach
to treatment and Neville was frequently vilified for being out of step with
the main stream of things. It is interesting to note that 40 years later, his
approach to psychiatric treatment has become the norm rather than the
exception. During the period from 1959 to 1972, he
ran "healing community" courses for Aboriginal and Islander peoples
in Sydney, in country New South Wales and at Alice Springs in Central Australia. He was the Co-ordinator of Community
Mental Health for New South Wales
Health Department from 1965 to 1970. He published many papers on psychiatric
treatment (which are now held in the Mitchell Library in Sydney) and with a
colleague, wrote a book "Fraser House: Theory Practice and Evaluation of
a Therapeutic Community."
published by Springer, New York (1969). As his interest in community work
developed, he completed a Diploma in Sociology at the University of New South
Wales in 1963, to better understand the social aspects of human responses. He
also broadened his interests to studying other cultures and their values and,
among other things, joined the Australia Eurasian Association in the late
1960's, and followed his passion for multiculturalism. He regarded Australia
as a "cooking pot" rather than a "melting pot" of
cultures, cooking up a new and better culture for the future! It was on a
platform of multiculturalism that he stood for the seat of Philip (Liberal,
Sydney) in the 1972 elections and gained sufficient votes not to lose his
deposit, but failed to gain the seat. Not content with his already numerous
qualifications he went on to complete a Bachelor of Law degree from the
University of New South Wales in 1975 and was admitted to the Bar. In spite
of this, he was more interested in mediation than litigation and closely
studied the mediation systems used in China. He studied Japanese and Chinese
languages and travelled overseas to Asia, Europe and the Americas on several
occasions over the years. He was an avid supporter of Bliss Symbolics, an
international sign language based on symbols. Neville Yeomans was drawn more and more
to the area he grew up in and in 1975 he moved back to north Queensland where
he became engrossed in working with Aboriginal people. He conducted a private
psychiatric counselling and family therapy practice, facilitated community
support for Aboriginal and Ethnic groups, established "Healing
Haven" houses in North Queensland and assisted in the creation of a
black women's shelter in Cairns. In the early 1980's he became interested
in and a keen qualified practitioner of Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP)
which was a revolutionary way of treating emotional states and of helping
people overcome psychiatric illness and addictions. He and a friend, Terry
Widders, set up NLP Centres in Cairns, Townsville in Queensland and Bondi
Junction in Sydney. Neville Yeomans continued to pay the price of being a
pioneer of new ideas and was regarded as a pariah by many of his professional
colleagues in the establishment, with many refusing to refer patients to him.
In 1987 he was a consultant to Petford
Aboriginal Training Farm in far North Queensland and from 1989 to 1994 he
facilitated camp-outs/Intercultural Healing Training festivals in the
Atherton Tablelands and at the Petford Aboriginal Training Farm. In 1990 he
was an Adviser to the Australian South Sea Islander United Council. He was on
the Steering Committee for Training on Torture and Trauma in 1994 and
conducted a three day training course in Darwin. His working career came to
an end in 1997 in Darwin where he was discovered sick with bladder cancer by
his youngest son, and brought back to Sydney for treatment. Neville Yeomans was a very intelligent,
passionate and insightful person with a deep sense of purpose and an ability
to focus absolutely on the job in hand, a characteristic that often made it
difficult for those closest to him. He was also an introspective, artistic
and aesthetic person who loved music (he played the clarinet) and art and he
wrote poetry on a regular basis from the mid 1960's. Many of the poems
demonstrate his sharp wit and sense of fun. The hundreds of poems he wrote,
which give glimpses of the man within, will be published shortly. His passion
was to treat people in need, his skill was his ability to engage with people
and to make suggestions for change. His dying wish was to leave a legacy of
clinics for Aboriginal people to enable them to help themselves. Neville
Yeomans died in Brisbane on 30 May 2000 following a painful struggle with
cancer. He spent his final days at home, surrounded by members of his family
and friends. He is survived by his two brothers, two half-sisters, five
children from two dissolved marriages, and eight grandchildren. Peter N. Carroll Leura, N.S.W. APPENDIX 2. List of the Early Actions and the Isomorphic Social Action Neville Had me Experience as Action Researcher
APPENDIX 3. Diagnosis of Fraser House Population as at 30th June 1962 (Clark, A. & Yeomans, N., 1969 Page 56) Male
Female Total 1 Disorders Caused by or Associated with Impairment of Brain
Tissue 1. Acute and Chronic brain disorders 0 0 0 2. Mental deficiency, mild with epilepsy 1 0 1 2
Disorders of psychogenic
Origin 3
Psychotic Disorders Affective
Reactions: Manic Depressive reaction depressive type 1 1 2 Schizophrenic Reactions: Schizophrenic reaction, simple type 3 8 11 Schizophrenic reaction, hebephrenic type 0 3 3 Schizophrenic reaction, catatonic type 2 2 4 Schizophrenic reaction, paranoid type 3 6 9 Schizophrenic reaction, acute undifferentiated type 1 2 3 Schizophrenic reaction, schizo-affective type 2 0 2 TOTAL 12 22 34 2 Psychoneurotic Disorders Psychoneurotic Reactions Anxiety reaction 0 1 1 Conversion reaction 0 1 1 Obsessive - compulsive reaction 1 1 2 Depressive reaction 2 2 4 TOTAL 3 5 8 3 Personality disorders Personality Pattern Disturbances: Inadequate personality 0 1 1 Schizoid personality 1 0 1 Sociopathic Personality Disturbances Anti-social reaction 3 2 5 Dyssocial reaction 1 2 3 Sexual deviations: homosexuality 4 0 4 pedophilia 2 0 2 prostitution and beastiality 0 1 1 Personality
Trait Disturbances Compulsive personality 1 0 1 Addiction: alcohol 4 2 6 drugs (bromides; amphetamines; narcotics) 1 1 2 Both alcohol and drugs 4 1 5 TOTAL 21 10 31 __________________________________________________________________ COMPOSITE TOTAL 37 37 74 APPENDIX 4 The Roles of Fraser House Nurses – A Paper by Patients (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 4, 17-20) THE ROLES OF
FRASER HOUSE NURSES
Preamble
As with all new work situations, so to working as a new nurse in this community means coming to grips with a degree of initial stress. The job is not easy at first, and one thing is certain - it can only be done well by all staff members seeing themselves as members of a TEAM. Only then can new tasks become tolerable and the difficulties surmountable. This is the first and most important working rule to be learned, and with the acceptance of it everything else will tend to fall into place. This basic point can’t be stressed too much, and new nurses are advised to lean heavily on the team in the first few weeks in particular. By communicating difficulties, responsibilities will be spread out and training will continue. Nothing has to be faced alone. The staff team gives the example on which the patients will perforce model themselves. It has been a lesson well learned here, as in other therapeutic communities all over the world, that when the staff team pulls together the patients tend to do likewise, and from this comes the amalgamation of true community effort that results in success all along the line in the treatment program. Perhaps the most immediate observation made by a nurse coming to work in this therapeutic community for the first time, is that the patients themselves have had a great deal of authority delegated to them. Indeed, in some matters they are virtually the sole authority. At first glance it will seem fantastic that patients assess and admit new patients; review progress and institute treatment procedures; make new rules and alter old ones; mete out discipline, etc. To many new nurses and doctors as well, and particularly to those whose previous experience was connected with the physically ill in the general hospital field, or who come from psychiatric settings more formalized in approach, all of this will be right out of line with their training and role appreciation. Adjustment will have to be made, and acceptance that this is necessary is the first and most important step towards fitting into the altered (and ever changing) role required. In sum, nurses here at Fraser House are not so much doing FOR the patients as working WITH and SHARING an experience. This is basically what is expected. Understanding the reason behind the differences in work standards and altering roles helps - no one would be willing to change his work pattern in, or the why he sees himself in work without reasonable explanation. If the therapeutic community can be viewed as necessary evolution change towards democratic self-discipline, and if the nurses’ role can be seen as becoming more therapeutic as it moves away from that of custodian towards autonomy for the patients, then the first step is made. CONCEPT In the basic role of the nurse in Fraser house is that of therapist and this means accepting the patients as worthwhile and worthy of help and so, aiming to change their deviant behavior and the deviant ways they see themselves or others. The nurse also is a representative of society, and becomes involved with patients in order to return their neurotic, psychotic or other deviant behavior to the norm of this society. The nurse remains as much a therapist in being with one patient or with an informal group of patients as in formal group therapy. To be a therapist means to express real caring and times, discipline about patients. Training in psycho and socio-therapeutic techniques is a continuing process and the nurse enters into research work and the domiciliary field as well. The nursing staff makes up the largest portion of the staff team and has 24-hour close interpersonal contact with the patients. The role is vital, and in many ways is the most important. ROLE Nurses are assigned in teams to regional areas at the moment - Lane Cove, Ryde, Rest of North Shore, Other Areas. Each regional team is expected to be responsible for knowing their area, its problems and helping agencies etc.. Moreover nurses in each team are expected to come to know all in-patients and outpatients of that area in; to be specially involved in the appropriate regional small groups, both in the community and in the Unit; to record progress notes on their regional patients; be part of both for medical officer and follow-up committee planning for the patients of their region. Nurses working in community and social psychiatry ‘steal’ many of the roles of psychiatrists, psychologists, medical offices, sociologists and social workers. This gives the nurse much more power to initiate and decide and also the accompanying responsibility. So the role of the nurse in Fraser house is seen as complex and wholly therapeutic, using a team approach in a therapeutic community to set the climate for personality change and social reorganization. The new nurse will at first learn various areas, and these will be filled in to fit into shape as the tour of duty lengthens. An hour or so will be spent with a senior staff member on the first day for initial induction discussions, and the newcomer is paired off to work with a nurse who is versed in Unit procedure. Experience has shown how the patients actually give a great deal of help to new staff in aiding in their orientation. The new nurse will receive plenty of support to fit into the community. Fraser House traditions are now well established. There are no great dissatisfactions to overcome. Nurses are on the staff to work as members of a therapeutic team, and to receive a training that has profitable personal and career rewards. Better training and greater work satisfaction for staff are basic aims in therapeutic communities. GROUP THERAPY The significance of group therapy in Fraser House may be gauged by the fact that there are about three thousand groups structured in a year involving twice this number of man-hours by the nursing staff. Reporting sessions, attended by nursing staff follow each of these groups, also consume more man-hours devoted to analysis and interpretation of each group, and exchange of information brought out by these groups. These reporting sessions are also for continuous training in all aspects of community and social psychiatry Small groups are made up of from eight to twelve people, and are allocated daily. These allocations are made to conform to different patterns according to age and marital state, according to social class and marital state, according to sex and marital state. Also, there are intergenerational groups consisting of patients and their families, of each medical officer attached to the Unit, and groups made up of ‘withdrawn’ patients. The unstructured groups are special groups held for particular patients for various reasons, e.g., they may be planned and scheduled for certain times during the day or night when a patient’s relatives arrive from the country. Or they may be spontaneous, when a relative arrives unexpectedly. Or they may be held as and when a particular patient, or patient family becomes disturbed over some crisis which arises. THE THERAPIST IN SMALL GROUP THERAPY The role of small group therapist and observer has always been the province of the nurse in Fraser House, and represents part of the rise in therapeutic status. Nurses have become therapists in their own right. The first essential in taking a group is to see it as a meeting, and like all meetings, there is a need for a chairman to conduct affairs and keep issues to the point. The initial function of the therapist is to see that the group functions as a group. It may be necessary for him to be quite directive in order to achieve this in some groups, but on the other hand it may just happen anyway even if he adopts a completely passive and wordless role. How active or passive, directive or non-directive the therapist is or chooses to be, may be influenced by many things – e.g., the attitude or mood of the group itself and tensions built up prior to and during its running; the type of group and purpose, or the themes introduced during the group. The therapists own personality is a basic factor which determines handling, and this may vary from day to day depending on the therapist’s mood, and also on his attitude to the type of group or even some of the people contained in it. It should be said here that, whilst one might be influenced to some extent by the way certain therapists conduct the group, it is inadvisable and unwise, and indeed well nigh impossible for one therapist to copy another, for the previously stated reason that the therapist’s own personality is a basic factor in determining the handling of groups. So that even if one decided on a particular therapist as ones ‘idol’, one should not attempt to emulate too closely. Because of this ‘personality’ factor and other rather intangible factors, there are not many rigid rules which can be generalized to apply to all groups, but the following can be applied to most: THEMES If a theme is introduced, and it is considered to be not too superficial or inappropriate, the group should pay some attention to it, and not change the theme to another without good reason. If an attempt to change the theme is made, it may be done deliberately by a patient for a fairly obvious reason (such as a personality clash with someone involved in the previous theme), or a less obvious reason such as an unconscious identification and a consequent wish to avoid the theme. It may also be done through plain insensitivity on the part of the person making the attempt at the change. There are many reasons for these moves, and it is the therapist’s role to decide on the dynamics of the situations and then to make use of them by feeding them straight back into the group at the time, and if necessary, to make an interpretation of the dynamics operating in the events and occurrences. It is also in the province of the therapist to direct the group away from superficial themes or from discussing themes in a superficial manner. The therapist, in order to discourage superficiality, may find it necessary to commence the group immediately he enters the room, by physically structuring the group in such a way that he gains attention, establishes some kind of control, and incidentally builds some initial tension within the group. This, of course is not always necessary or desirable, but is often helpful in dealing with groups of teenagers who tend to spread themselves around the room, put their feet up on chairs, and throw matches and cigarettes about. These practices in themselves are quite harmless, but in group are often used as avoiding tactics, and are apt to wreck and render valueless the group itself. So the therapist can avert these disruptions when he enters the room by making everyone get up and draw their chairs into a tight circle in the center of the room and disallowing feet up on chairs. In general, the therapist should make use of what is going on in each particular group at the time it is taking place. He has first to be able to recognize what is going on and he can only do this through observation and experience. The way he uses these things which are going on within the group depends to a large extent on the therapist himself – again the personality factor. Even though a therapist is inexperienced, and perhaps not very confident, he should keep in mind that he brings something very valuable to the group with him – something which no one else can do in the same way – the sum total of his own unique life experience. When used with confidence, this is a very powerful force which all nurses have at their disposal. INTERACTION AND INTEREST If most of the group is involved in interaction, it goes without saying that they are also interested. However, interest can be very high even though there is not much interaction. Look at their faces, their feet, their hands, their respiration, the way they sit, and it will be known if they are interested or not. Interaction may not be high if the therapist has found it necessary to be active or directive. This sometimes must be the case. TENSION There will usually be varying amounts of tension as the group progresses, both from the group as a whole, and from individual members. Silences usually build up while tension is mounting, and the best way to use this tension is not to break these silences; let the members of the group do it as they will when they can no longer stand the tension – and then see what is released with the tension and make use of it. MOOD The mood of a group is sometimes sustained throughout, but more often it changes, ranging through many emotions and frequently depending to some extent on the build up and release of tension, the themes discussed and the manner of the discussion, the interaction and the interest, and the cross-identification of those who interact. The role adopted by the therapist is also important here. Once again, the emotions which set the mood for the group are used. APPENDIX 5 - Fraser House Big Groups – A Paper by Patients (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 4, 50-54) FRASER HOUSE BIG GROUPS Whereas much has been achieved over the years in the way of explanation and handling of individual and small group difficulties, little is to hand to clarify the acknowledged emotional forces and the psychotherapeutic techniques of large community groups. Most individual maladjustments can be readily recognized by seeing a personality at conflict with himself and his environment. Small groups portray the ‘family’ setting and inter-personal interaction. But ‘Big Groups’ forming as they do the backdrop to all therapy in this Unit, are not explainable adequately in the term of psychology or psychiatry previously applied to the individual patient or even to the classical group situation. The sciences of sociology and social psychology, with their study of whole collections of people and the interplay of these groupings within entire societies, are used to explain both these dynamics of the Big Groups and the therapeutic directions of the whole community. Theories of behavior of crowds and audiences apply to the Big Groups in particular. The techniques used in handling these meetings are principally our own and have evolved through testing and retesting of basic theories by adoption and ‘trimming’ of those found successful by some leaders, and by constant discussion and evaluation of the problems these community groups pose. The community meetings held at Fraser House are of two main types and a third is gradually evolving. Morning community groups have two main therapeutic functions; personality change is the aim of four meetings, while social control is the focus of the Thursday morning administrative group. Evening Big Groups, though not compulsory, are invariably well attended by in-patients. But by far, the majority attending can be classified as outpatients and these receive the bulk of the attention. With family therapy as a principle, the projective interplay of the various families present characterizes these meetings to such a degree as to almost typify the aim of the evening Big Groups. The setting is a large hall (the Center Block) in which clear speaking is adequate, central to both wings of the building. Seating is in two rows at the sides and one end with a single row at the end nearest the entrance door. The group leader usually sits in the center of this row, but is free to move according to his or her dictates. All of the chairs face centrally so that, as much as possible, everyone is in view and speakers can face each other. But principally the people are shoulder-to-shoulder as in an audience as well as being members of a single crowd - usually numbering about one hundred persons. Two members of the nursing staff (one male - one female) observe and record the meeting from a detached point behind the back row. Other staff members (medical, nursing, research, etc) intersperse themselves among the patients, paying particular attention to the three inner corners (notorious geographically for the most destructive and resistive sub-groups) but leaving the doorway clear of staff. Portion of a row is reserved here to lessen the interruption made by latecomers. It has become traditional that the four ‘therapeutic’ Big Groups commence with a reading of the ‘Ward Notes’ by one of the patients. On Thursdays this is deferred till after the various committee reports and elections. In essence these ward notes serve the purpose of an informal Unit newspaper and comprises all manner of notifications from grouches about yesterday’s foodstuff to staff warnings against suspected ‘conmanship’. Usually the therapist then allows the group to enter into spontaneous ‘free floating’ discussion until a general interconnecting theme is apparent. This may then be pursued with promptings towards interaction between different generations or social classes or psychiatric opposites – or perhaps to tie in together for mutual support those with similar difficulties, personally or because of family or life-crisis situation. At times the focus might fall on one particular patient or family to highlight a special need, and it is quite common for sub-groups or cliques to merit attention. These latter are constantly forming, breaking and re-forming, and the group leader much of the time finds it impossible to be aware of these changes and undercurrents. The interspersing of staff members throughout does much to obviate this as these moves can be discussed later in the reporting session, or if urgent, brought to the attention in the group by the staff member aware of the moves. Most meetings see the group as a whole reacting much like and audience to a few main actors. This can be constructive as an insight-gaining process as the personal, intra and inter-family or sub-group projections are portrayed and leadership values rise or fall. At other times when matters affecting the internal security of the community arise or pressures are brought to bear from outside sources, interpersonal differences are dropped for combined feeling and action and the Unit becomes united as its projection against threat is shown. So the audience-type reaction displaces to behavior more attributable to that of a crowd. When these crowd-like emotional forces move the whole community, the opportunity is presented to harness these towards a therapeutic goal which can do more in a single hour towards personality change for more people than many months of other therapy. Herbert Blumer says of these forces: ‘People become aroused and more likely to be carried away by impulses and feelings; hence rendered more unstable and irresponsible. In collective excitement, the personal make-up of individuals is more readily broken and in this way the conditions prepared for the formation of new forms of behavior and for the re-organization of the individual. In collective excitement, individuals may embark on lines of conduct which previously they would not have thought of, much less dared to undertake. Likewise, under its stress and with opportunities for the release of tension, individuals may incur significant re-organization in the sentiments, habits and traits of personality (Blumer and Shibutani 1970).’ When both the staff and patients are working well together in the Unit, a peak of enthusiasm is reached at times when everyone sees almost any move at all as being gainful. New enterprises are embarked upon with an eagerness that is almost inspired and success is a certainty. Whereas perhaps a month earlier the same move would have met an equally certain failure. All improvements in expanded therapy services and the patient-government structure (and the recent acquisition of the Unit vehicle) have been adopted at such times. The opposite of gain is loss and this is felt most acutely in a feeling-wave by the entire community at a time of bereavement, deprivation or mourning – when a fellow-patient’s close relative dies; rejecting parents spurn pleas for help; or there has been a serious or fatal attempt at suicide. Here the all-pervading shared sadness can give rise to depressives becoming overwhelmed with emotional forces of loss and breaking into bitter tears as a sign of externalizing their feelings of aggression and loneliness. The sincere sympathy given by fellow-patients and therapist at these times can do much to consolidate future lessening of inhibition while false exaggeration of hope is avoided. Again, when as a whole the Big Group is swayed by frustration, contagious aggression and excitement result; just as contagious as the feelings of fear and panic experienced due to a shared threat anywhere. The recognition and use of these crowd feelings by the therapist are usually intuitive. The leader must ‘feel’ these and employ them – they are of the greatest value when utilized therapeutically towards corrective emotional experience. This can be rated as either an individual, a family, the whole group, or any combination of these being helped in this direction. Community meetings are followed by a report by the two official observers, and comment by all staff members present, including the therapist who took the group. Points assessed are: · Mood · Theme · Value and interaction · Therapist’s role · Techniques employed From these ‘post-mortems’ comes much of the knowledge needed. At the moment this seems by no means exhaustive. The aim must be always to look at the community in the ‘BIG’ – as a whole and this certainly is no easy matter. FURTHER THEORY AND EXAMPLE The Fraser House Therapeutic Community is a sub-community of Lane Cove and Ryde aimed at all the different social problems of these areas. There is an inherent movement towards change resulting from the emotional contact of people with different problems. This change is a therapeutic change if the atmosphere is one of help, respect for the worthwhileness of each person, and discipline where necessary. A professional man, father of a schizophrenic girl, once abused the patients and the Unit, because he was sick of people of lower education etc. telling him what to do. His education and professional knowledge were not in doubt, but his capacity as a loving trusting father was. Those like him in age and education had tried and failed to change him in the past. Those unlike him could do so with much more effect. This therapeutic community attempts to reproduce normal life in many ways, particularly in allowing the development of emotional storms (as they occur in families) and in not enforcing overly good behavior, as is the usual hospital pattern. Like normal life too, there are limits and so effective discipline is a major part of the program, especially for those with antisocial or hostile problems. The process of change for the disturbed patient and family may be described in many ways. One is that the Unit attempts to provide emotionally corrective experiences in the conflict area. This can be seen in the spreading of a theme within a group or in the contagion of feeling within the Unit that always most deeply affects those with the problems in the area of conflict which set off the emotion. When sexual interference becomes an emotional topic, the experienced therapist can tell at a glance all those women and girls who have had a similar experience - it screams from their faces. They can then be helped to face this and all the covering up about it, in them and in their family. Success for a therapist is now known to depend very much on how much the patient realizes that the therapist cares. This cannot be acted by the therapist – and here lies the importance of learning to relax and be oneself and express oneself in the therapeutic situation Caring for the patient does not mean loving and accepting everything he does. You don’t care for someone if you let them wreck themselves or harm others. It means coming to see and feel that the patient is a person worth helping and changing. It means to accept the person, but reject their deviant problems (e.g., love a depressed person, but NOT their depression – want to change their depression). Particularly it means rejecting abnormal behavior, particularly that which is harmful to others. So here caring will mean love and discipline. There are some points which help in the therapeutic approach to whole families in groups:
The emotional comfort and satisfaction of the Unit staff is one of the most significant features of the therapeutic program. The numerous staff meetings aim to foster this. Specifically their role is to prevent the development of covert, hidden conflict between staff members about patients. Such conflicts are proven to result in overt patient disturbance. The staff remains the most powerful members of a therapeutic community and their welfare and comfort are of paramount importance. APPENDIX 6 - The Roles of the Fraser House Patient/Outpatient Committees Admitting Committee (devolved from the
psychiatrist) Roles: ·
Interviewing people seeking admittance ·
Identifying problems and problem areas ·
Specifying the type of treatment ·
Specifying period before review ·
Specifying conditions of admission ·
Ensuring prospective patients know the requirement
for both patients and their families and friends to attend 12 groups before
the patient’s admission ·
Making a record of all the above details which is
presented at the following Thursday’s Administration Big Group. Membership: Residents eligible for election upon being six weeks in the Unit. The split between residents and outpatients is unavailable. Staff present: Medical officer and members of the nursing staff Progress Committee (The senior committee
- devolved from the psychiatrist) · Discussing and assessing individual patients and families · Discussing problem areas · Suggesting treatment procedures · Confirming, altering or changing treatment · Maintaining close liaison with Rehabilitation Committee Membership: Residents eligible for election after being two months in the Unit. The Split between residents and outpatients is unavailable.
Staff present: Senior male nurse and senior female nurse Pilot Committee (devolved from
director/psychiatrist) Roles: · Attending all other committees · Investigating all other committees · Reporting to Progress, Parliamentary or Big Group on irregularities or failing activities (Formed March 1965) Membership: Residents who have considerable functionality and a hence likely to be leaving the Unit in the next few months. The Split between residents and outpatients is unavailable. Staff present as representatives: Senior and Junior charge nurses Parliamentary Committee (devolved from
senior charge nurse) Roles: · Liaising between residents and staff · Sustaining paramount emphasis on democratic government, rights, dignity and freedom · Presenting staff with a uniform view of resident feelings about the Unit’s functioning · Airing criticisms of the efficiency and policy of any committee · Hearing applications of resignation from any committee. · Holding elections for vacant positions on any committee at start of Thursday Administration Big Group Membership: All residents on structured committees. The Split between residents and outpatients is unavailable. Staff present as representatives: Senior and junior charge nurses Ward Committee (devolved from nursing
staff) Roles: · Maintaining discipline · Ensuring ward cleanliness (as adjunct to domestic and maintenance staff) · Being responsible for patient cleanliness and welfare · Discussing treatment procedures with the Progress Committee · Meting out justice when rules are broken · Drawing up work rosters · Ensuring cleaning duties done · Monitoring resident’s behavior · Permitting or denying weekend leave based on behavior · Instilling responsibility, initiative and independence Membership: Residents who have considerable functionality and a hence likely to be leaving the Unit in the next few months. The split was 8 residents and 4 outpatients.
Staff present as representatives: Nurses Teenager’s Committee Roles: · Promoting a spirit of friendship amongst teenagers in the Unit · Organizing a program of group outings and activities · Enforcing peer discipline · Assuming a group parenting role · Liaising with Ward Committee re inter-generational issues Membership: Restricted to members under 20 years of age Split between residents and outpatients unavailable. Staff present as representatives: Nurses (check) Outpatients, Relatives and Friends
Committee (devolved from Social Worker) Roles: · Supporting the evolving of local psycho-social support networks · Maintaining locality based card index with names and addresses and typical travel modes · Providing a coordinated transport system to enable more regular attendance at groups · Providing assistance to outpatients within their own district · Providing relatives and outpatients with a voice in Unit management · Liaising with Follow-up Committee Membership: Family and friends of inpatients, and inpatients. Split - 2 outpatients Staff present as representatives: Social worker Rehabilitation Committee (devolved from
Social Worker) Roles: · Assisting discharged patients finding work · Arranging accommodation · Liaising with the Progress Committee re progress and employment prospects Membership: Residents who have considerable functionality and a hence likely to be leaving the Unit in the next few months. Split between residents and outpatients unavailable. Staff present as representatives: Social
worker Follow-up Committee (devolved from Social
Worker) Roles: · Establishing close liaison between inpatients and their relatives and friends · Organizing and financing home visits by resident domiciliary group members and searches for AWOL residents · Administering emergency aid · Liaises with Outpatients, Relatives and Friends Committee Membership: Residents who have considerable functionality and a hence likely to be leaving the Unit in the next few months. Split - 4 residents and 2 outpatients Staff present as representatives: Social
worker Activities Committee (devolved from
Occupational Therapist) Roles: · Arranging individual, small group or whole community occupational therapy for therapeutic and disciplinary purposes; examples: pantry duty, assisting the librarian, collecting workers meals, emu parades - a line swoop through the Unit picking up rubbish as everyone walks through; a tender was won by the residents to build a bowling green at the unit; in 1964 a contract was obtained to pack light globes. · Liaison with the Progress, Rehabilitation and Ward Committees and staff relating to appropriate occupational therapy Membership: After resident has made considerable move to functionality. Information on split between residents and outpatients unavailable Staff present as representatives: Nurse/occupational therapist (check) Finance Committee (devolved from
Administration - accounting, banking and welfare) Roles: · Holding surplus funds · Allocating these funds as necessary to other committees · Monitoring all committee funds and recalling funds surplus to need · Safeguarding the Units patient welfare funds · Inspecting cash records and cash balances of all committees at weekly meeting · maintaining Fraser House Finance Committee bank account · Being the Unit’s accountant, banker and internal Welfare Officer in respect of money · Assisting people who mishandle money towards greater responsibility while in office Membership: The treasurers of all of the other Committees Staff present as representatives: Administrative staff involved in accounting, banking and internal welfare; Nurses. At one stage the rule regarding the split was 3 residents and 3 outpatients Canteen Committee - devolved from Administration (accounting, banking
and welfare) and Occupational Therapist Roles: · Contacting goods suppliers and ordering · Receiving goods from sales/delivery people · Serving patients, staff and visitors · Maintaining coin-in-the-slot soft drink machine · Supporting fellow Canteen Committee members who are isolates (e.g. depressed or schizophrenic residents) · Providing public relations role · Tallying up daily takings · Presenting weekly report at Administration Big Group · Generating surplus used to purchase van used in domiciliary visits and supplying petrol and maintenance Membership: Restricted to members under 20 years of age. The split was 6 residents and 2 outpatients Staff present as representatives: Nurse/occupational therapist Social Committee Roles: · Arranging social activities both inside and outside the unit Membership: Residents who had been 6 weeks or more in the Unit. The split was 3 female residents, 3 males residents and 3 outsiders Staff present as representatives: Nurse/occupational therapist Notes: The Social Committee was disbanded a couple of times when there was no residents with flair for being on this committee. When some ‘live wires’ turned up as residents it would get restarted again. Notice that the membership split ensured that outpatients were also represented and involved in the committee process with all of the benefits flowing from this in emerging them in the healing community process. APPENDIX 7 - A list of the Questions That Were Asked in Neville’s Values Research. ·
The nature of the universe (In the
range ‘is basically good or makes sense’ through to ‘is basically
bad or pointless’) ·
Human nature (In the
range ‘good or sensible’ through to ‘bad or senseless’) ·
Can mankind change itself
or be changed? (Yes,
Perhaps or No) · Man-nature - what matters · Activity – Who do you take notice of · Direction – (Self, Others, What fits) ·
Degree – Unimportant, moderate importance, important · Time important (Future , present, past) · Verticality place (Above, level, below) · Horizontality place (Center, Between edges, out one edge) APPENDIX 8 - Research Questionnaires and Inventories - Neville T. Yeomans Collected Papers 1965, Vol. 11. A list of the many of the surveys and questionnaires
that patients and outpatients were asked to complete. The page reference
relates to Volume 11 of Neville Yeomans Collected Papers in the Mitchell
Library –NSW State Library, NSW.
APPENDIX 9 - A List of Other Inventories Developed and Used at Fraser House (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 4 , p. 43): Personal Adjustment Record (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 6) Social Health Record (Yeomans 1965, Vol 11) General Adjustment Record Child Adjustment Record Family Adjustment Record Group Reporting Record Follow-up Record Social Problem Record Social Value Record Opinion Leader Form APPENDIX 10 - A partial List of Research by Dr. Neville T. Yeomans other Research with Colleagues during the years 1959-1965 This Appendix contains Tables A, B and C listing
fifty-seven of the extensive body of Neville’s research papers and monographs
mentioned in his collected papers in the Mitchell Library. Many are undated
though come from the 1959-1965 period. Table C lists research in association
with others. The Unit Career of Staff Members (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 2 p. 35.) Whisperer’s Relationship - a Collusive Liaison (Yeomans 1965, Vol .5 p.38.) A General Theory of Welfare Functions (Yeomans 1965, Vol .2 ,p. 38 - 40.) File Note - Reference to a Suicide in Fraser House (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 2, p. 43.) Network Therapy (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 5, p.40.) Abotat - A
Modification of the Thematic Apperception Test for Administration to
Aborigines (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 125, p.67-69) The Problem of Taking Sides – Taking the Side of or Supporting the
Healthy Component (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 5, p.46 - 47.) Power in Collective Therapy (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 5, p.52 - 54.) Sydney Therapeutic Club (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 5, p.104.) Follow Up Committee (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 5, p.106.) Personal Adjustment Record (Yeomans 1965) Personal Information Record (Yeomans 1965) Early 1960’s. Social Values (Yeomans 1965) The Psychiatrist’s Responsibility for the Criminal, the Delinquent,
the Psychopath and the Alcoholic (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 50.) Table A - Research by Neville in the early 1960’s Research on Alcoholism – Theory and Administration – A Paper for the
National Committee on Alcoholism – Adelaide Meeting of Medical Sub-Committee.
Neville T. Yeomans Collected Papers 1965, Vol. 1, p.183 – 185. (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 1, p.183 - 185) Collective Therapy – Audience and Crowd. Australian Journal of Social
Issues 2. & 4. (Yeomans 1966,Vol. 1, p,187-188, Vol.12, p. 77, 87). The Role of Director of Community Mental Health (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 66. ) Culture, Personality and Drug Dependence - The Problem of Drug Abuse
in NSW. The Institute of Criminology, Sydney University Law School. Seminar Working Paper No. 3 (Yeomans 1965, Vol .1 p. 297) Social Categories in a Therapeutic Community (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 2 p. 1) Mental Health in the Office - Institute of Administration -
University of NSW (Yeomans, Vol.1 p.203-213) The Sociology of Medicine 1967 - Synopsis of Community Health
Services and Informal Patterns of Care (Yeomans (Unknown date), Vol 1, p. 215) Incontinence Research (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 67-69) The Nurses Self Image and its Implications - The Australian Nurses
Journal Vol. 61 No. 4., April 1963 (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 94.) Table A (Contd) - Research by Neville in the early
1960’s The following Table B. lists further research and
papers by Neville in the 1960’s. 1961. Treatment of Alcoholics and Drug Addicts in Fraser House
Neurosis and Alcohol Unit (Yeomans 1961,
Vol. 2, p. 45.) 1963. Sociotherapeutic Attitudes to Institutions - Paper Presented at
the State Psychiatric Services Clinicians’ Conference - 22 April 1963 (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 46, 60-61. ) 1963. Letter of Congratulations to Fraser House Patients Regarding
Patient’s Rules for Committees – Jan 1963 (Yeomans 1963, Vol. 2 p. 13.) 1963. Some Detail of Patient Government - 13 May
1963 (Yeomans 1963, Vol. 2 p. 25. ) 1964. An Alcohol Treatment Program in Australia – A Paper Presented
at the 27th International Congress on Alcohol and Alcoholism – 11
Sept 1964. Neville T. Yeomans Collected Papers 1965, Vol. 1, p.91. (Yeomans 1964, Vol. 1, p.91.) 1965. Post Graduate Psychiatry and the Social Sciences. In Kiloh,
L.C. & Andrews, J.G. (eds.). Undergraduate and Post Graduate Teaching in
Psychiatry. University of NSW Press Sydney (Yeomans 1965, Vol 12. p. 77. ) 1965. Post Graduate Psychiatry and the Social Sciences. Teaching of
behavioral Sciences, p.11. Neville T. Yeomans Collected Papers 1965, Vol. 1,
p.165-181 (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 1, p.165-181.) 1965. Values Orientation and National Character (Yeomans 1965, Vol .1 p. 253 - 265). 1965. The Therapeutic Community in the Rehabilitation of the Aged. A Paper Presented to a Conference on Clinical Problems among Aged Patients, Held at Lidcombe State Hospital – 30 April 1965. (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 1, p.155-163). 1965. Cultural Values, Aboriginals and Mental Health – A Paper
Prepared for the Third Congress of the Australian and New Zealand College of
Psychiatrists. (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 1, p.189-201) 1967 Value Orientation in Normal and Deviant Australians – A Revision
of a Paper Read at the Annual Meeting of the Sociological Association of
Australia and New Zealand January 1967 (Yeomans 1967, Vol .1 p. 225 - 241). 1967. A Community Developers’ Thoughts on the Fraser House Crisis (Yeomans 1967, Vol. 2, p. 46 - 48.) 1968 Coordinator Community Mental Health Dept of Public Health NSW.
The Therapeutic Community in Rehabilitation of Drug Dependence - Paper
Presented at the Pan Pacific Rehabilitation Conference 1968 (Yeomans 1968, Vol .1 p. 267 - 283) 1968. Draft of Speech on Social Problems to the Ionian Club Sydney –
Introduction on the Origins of the Ionians (Yeomans 1968, Vol. 1 p. 291. ) 1968. International Study on Attitudes to Drug and Alcohol Use (Yeomans 1968, Vol .1 p. 293) 1968. Mental Health and Social Change - Brief File Note (Yeomans 1968, Vol .1 p. 295) The
following Table C lists research by Neville and other Fraser House Staff in
the 1960’s. Table C Yeomans, N. T. & Psychiatric Research Study Group – Social Values
Questionnaire, 1965 (Yeomans and Psychiatric Research Study Group 1965,
Vol .1 p. 243 - 251) Yeomans, N. T., Hay, R. G. early 1960’s. Psychiatric Epidemiology of
Sydney – A Pilot Study - Medical Journal of Australia No 2 p. 986 (Yeomans and Hay 1965, Vol. 12, p. 77) Yeomans, N. T., Hennessy, B. L., Bruen, W., early 1960’s. Suicide
Study (Yeomans, Hennessy et al. 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 89.
) Yeomans, N. T. and the Fraser House Staff, early 1960’s. The McQuarie
Health Project (Yeomans and the Fraser House Staff 1965, Vol. 12,
p. 91.) Yeomans, N. T., Hennessy, B. L., Hay, R. G., early 1960’s. Recent
Developments in a Therapeutic Community (Yeomans, Hennessy et al. 1965, Vol. 12, p. 87. ) Yeomans, N. T., Daly, J., early 1960’s. Child – Parent Group
Reporting Form (Yeomans and Daly 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 88.) Clark, A. W., Yeomans, N. T., early 1960’s. Observations From an
Australia Therapeutic Community (Clark and Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 88.) Yeomans, N. T., Hennessy, B. L., 1965. Nursing Disturbance Study (Yeomans and Hennessy 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 88.) Yeomans, N. T., Cockett, M., 1965. Leadership Study (Yeomans and Cockett 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 89.) Yeomans, N. T., Johnson, J., 1965. A Study of Teenage Patients in
Fraser House (Yeomans and Johnson 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 89.) Yeomans, N. T., & Bruen, W., 1965. The Five Year Follow Up Study (Yeomans and Bruen 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 89.) Yeomans, N. T. Cockett, M.
1965. Ward Note Tabulation (Yeomans and Cockett 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 89.) Yeomans, N. T. and the Fraser House Research Team, 1965. The Social
Values Study (Yeomans and the Fraser House Research Team
1965, Vol . 12, p. 45, 89. ) Yeomans, N.T., Hanson, R., Dall, E. 1965. The Aboriginal and Ethnic
Minority Study (Yeomans, Hanson et al. 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 90.) Yeomans, N. T. & Cockett, M., 1965. The Fijian Project (Yeomans and Cockett 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 90.) Yeomans, N.T. & Cockett M. 1965s. Intra-familial Conflict – A
Simple Questionnaire - Submitted to the Family Process Journal (Yeomans and Cockett 1965) Yeomans, N.T. & Cockett, M. 1965s. Precis of Intra-familial
Conflict – A Simple Questionnaire (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 1, p.91.) Yeomans, N. T., Hennessy, B. L, Hay. R. G., 1966. Recent Developments
in a Therapeutic Community With Assessment of Improved Technique For
Introducing New Patients. (Yeomans, Hennessy et al. 1966, Vol. 12, p. 45. ) Yeomans, Neville. T., Cockett, Margaret, 1966. Intra-Familial
Conflict – A sample Questionnaire (Yeomans and Cockett 1965, Vol. 12, p. 45, 87.) Yeomans, N. T., Clark, A. W., Cockett, M., Gee, K.M., 1970.
Measurement of Conflicting Communications in Social Networks. (Yeomans, Clark et al. 1970) Table C. Research and Papers by Neville and other Fraser House Staff APPENDIX 11. Organizations Assisted by Members of the Fraser House Research Group on an Individual or Workshop Basis - 1965 As an example of linking Fraser House to the wider
community and vice versa, during 1965 assistance was given on an individual
or workshop basis by members of the Fraser House Research Group to the
organizations listed below (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 94.): External Affairs Department Anthropology Department – Sydney University Department of Sociology NSW University NSW Marriage Guidance Council NSW Department of Education Health Education Division of the Health Department
of NSW Australian School of Pacific Administration Department of Law – Forensic Psychiatry – Sydney
University Hanover Center for Homeless Men – Melbourne Victorian Council of Social Services Melbourne University Research Workers Victoria University - New Zealand Research Council of the Foundation for Research and
Treatment of Alcoholism Organizations Assisted by Members of the Fraser House
Research Group on an Individual
or Workshop Basis – 1965 APPENDIX 12. A Comparison of Goffman’s ‘Total Institutions and Fraser House Total
Institutions Fraser
House
APPENDIX 13. Features of Fraser House That Were Neither Present in the Paul and Lentz’s American Research nor Referred to by the American Researchers (Paul and Lentz 1977). ·
Creating Cultural Locality ·
Pervasive attention to
place in enabling patients and outpatients extend their family-friendship
networks functionally ·
Full family residential
therapeutic community ·
The therapeutic community
as therapist – though this would tend to happen naturally ·
Clients as self-therapists,
co-therapists and community therapists ·
The Resocialising Program -
Self Governance and law making through an extensive patient run committee structure providing residents daily scope
to learn firstly, about how administrations in communities and societies
work, and more importantly, how they malfunction, and secondly, how to live
with malfunctioning administrations without resorting to pathological
accommodations (refer Presthus (Presthus 1978)) ·
Staff devolved their
administrative roles to resident committees, thus freeing up staff time for
engaging in the healing role – administrative therapy ·
No token economy, rather an
actual economy. Example one: via
residents running the canteen - all aspects of canteen was run by patients as
work therapy including book-keeping, preparation of accounts, stock-taking
and reordering. Example two: The residents making the bowling green after
winning the tender to do the job. ·
The Tikopia model -
intentional use of structures and processes engendering diverse cleavered
unities ·
Matched sleeping with
counterbalancing of over-active/under-controlled and
under-active/over-controlled - an example of diverse unities ·
Socio-therapy based on the
assumption that the primary locus of psychosocial dis-order was in the
client-family-friends nexus rather than just within the client. ·
Big Group therapy (180 plus) with family & friends required
to be in attendance as a condition of the client being in the unit - with all
of the associate potential for family and friends to learn coping and healing
skills in relating with the client – learning to live well together ·
Small group attendance
based on sociological categories (location, age, marital status, etc.) ·
Residents running a suicide
crisis intervention resource. ·
Residents running the
domiciliary service for ex-patients and outpatients. ·
Residents taking the main
responsibility in getting friends and relatives agreeing to come to groups -
usually by making unannounced calls ·
Residents involved in
evolving each others’ social networks (through the Outpatients and Friends
Committee and the Location-based Small Groups) ·
Virtually everything that
happened was shared by all staff (including cleaners) and clients. This oral
( as well as written record keeping) and information exchange allowed
virtually all staff time to be in interaction with clients. ·
Use of simple slogans (e.g.
‘bring it up in the group’) ·
Use of tight group
processes to contain and prevent assaultiveness so there was no need to use
isolation as practiced in the American treatment groups ·
Residents and or staff
being constantly with (specialing) suicidal clients (with clients never
isolated) ·
Defining local areas as
‘catchment areas’ and providing crisis support, especially suicide crisis
support, to these areas so that the clients saw themselves as being part of a
therapeutic community - which was in turn an integral community preventative
resource ·
A collection of
psychosocial therapies including: ·
collective (big group)
therapy ·
ecology therapy ·
governance (administrative)
therapy ·
·
family and friends network
therapy (with impetus from Big group and domiciliary care, as evidenced by
the growth of the Grow self help group by ex Fraser House residents ·
family and friends
socio-therapy ·
family (residential)
therapeutic community ·
milieu therapy ·
nanotherapy – work at the
micro-level ·
parent & child play
therapy ·
research as therapy ·
residential co-therapy ·
work therapy APPENDIX 14. A List of Advisory Bodies and Positions Held by Neville A founding director of the NSW Foundation for the
Research and Treatment of Alcoholism and Drug Dependency. A founding director of the national body of the above
organization. The Government Coordinator on the Board of Directors of
the Foundation for Research and Treatment of Alcoholism and Drug Dependence. A member of the Council for an International Conference
on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence. An advisor on an Australian National University Research
Program on the Study of Alcoholism. Chairman of the Departmental Conference of Clinicians Panel (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 67) Member of the NSW State Clinicians Conference (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 96) A member of the Committee of Classification of
Psychiatric Patterns of the National Health and Medical Research Council of
Australia. An advisor to the Research Committee of the New South
Wales College of General Practitioners. A member of the Executive Council of the Foundation for
Aboriginal Affairs and the Chairman of their Health Advisory Panel (Yeomans, N., 1969, Vol.12, page 92) A patron of Recovery (now Grow) and the organizer of the
first group in Sydney Hospital. The Patron and Counselor of Recovery Groups A member of the Advisory Committee of the Institute of
Criminology A member of the Advisory Editorial Committee of the
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology. Having extensive court experience as an Expert Witness
and involved in prison rehabilitation and prison reform for some years. He
assisted development of rehabilitation and research programs by parole and
probation officers. Some of these were involved in the Psychiatric Research
Study Group (Yeomans, N., 1969, Vol.12, page 73). The president of the Total Care Foundation which was the
entity used to evolve the Watson’s Bay Festival (discussed later in this
Chapter). A Founding member of the Sydney Arts Foundation Member of the Ministerial Committee involved in the
repeal of the Inebriates Act (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 71) Member of the Health Education Advisory Sub-Committee on
Alcoholism (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 72.) Organizer of a Fellowship on Alcoholism (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 72.) In 1980 Neville became a member of the Editorial Board of
the academic Journal, The Journal of Therapeutic Communities. An examiner for the Fellowship Examinations of the
Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatry – confirmed by Dr. William
McLeod, psychiatrist and former Director of Psychiatry at Royal Park
Psychiatric Hospital in Melbourne for over twenty years. A founding member of the Sydney Opera House Society
(mentioned by E. Deuk-Cohen) A member of the Board of Directors of : The
Drug Addiction Foundation The Drug Referral Center Aged, Sick and Infirm Appeal APPENDIX 15. Participants in the Watson’s Bay Festival (Yeomans 1965, Vol. 12, p. 3) Australian Don Henderson sung folk with poetic interludes Australian Folk singer - Don Gillespio A collection of expensive sculpture, pottery and art was on display - on loan from Art Galleries Czech Trich Trotch Polka Filipino Band Greek display by Girls of the Lyceum Club Hungarian Czards Indian dance by Rama Krishna Indonesian singers Israeli Dancer - Vera Goldmen Japanese dancers Karate display Malaysian Scarf dance Mike Harris - guitarist Oriental dancers Polish dance music and songs Rev Swami Sarcorali and Roma Blair and the Yoga
Fellowship gave a Yoga demonstration Sally Hart - also folksy Spanish Classical guitarist Antonio Lazardo Spanish Flamenco Dancers Spanish Flamenco Guitarist played by Ivan Withers Welsh folk singers In the evening was a psychedelic light display and pop
band. APPENDIX 16. The Range of Events and Activities Teed up as Part of the Centennial Park Festival. A film show Barbeques Cultural displays Display by historical fire engine Association of Australia Displays of national dress Displays of yoga Dog obedience exhibition Dress and fashion parades, Folk dancing Folk singing Handcrafts Horse drawn cart pageant Jazz groups Jogging Kite flying Light shows Lions club display and activities Marching girls Marquee and geodesic dome Music performances National dancing National feasts National songs Painting groups Physical fitness activities Poetry reading |